Mughal art and architecture
Find the glory of Mughal art and architecture, a combination of Persian, Indian, and Islamic styles. Investigate wonderful landmarks just like the Taj Mahal, perplexing scaled down canvases, and resplendent royal residences that reflect the lavishness and social abundance of the Mughal Realm. Provincial style of architecture
Indo Islamic style
During this period, this indo–Islamic style also began to influence local architecture. Bengal, Bijapur, Jaunpur and Mando had become important canters of development of architecture.
Bengal style(1203-1573AD)
The Bengal style of architecture was characterized by the use of bricks and black marble. sloped ‘Bangla roofs’ continued to be used in mosques built during this period. Which was earlier used for temples. Example: kadam Rasool masjid located at pandua etc.
Jaunpur style (1394-1479AD)
Under the patronage of the Shariq rulers Jaunpur became a great center of art and cultural activities. This style of architecture also came to be known as Shariq style and like the pat han style. It also avoided the use of minarets. A unique feature of the building’s here is the use of bold and powerful letters painted on a huge screen in the center and side bays of the prayer hall. example: Atala masjid, Jaunpur.
Malwa style(1405-1569AD)
The cities of Dhar and Mando, located in the Malwa Plateau, became major sites of architecture. The most prominent feature of the building here was the use of stones and marble of different colors, the building had giant windows, probably a result of European influence and were decorated with the stylized use of arch and columns. Even stairs were used to enhance the aesthetics of the construction. minarets were not used in this style of architecture.
Malwa style also known as pathan style of architecture is one of the best examples of environmental adaptation of this period due to the following characteristics. The use of a huge window made the buildings and rooms well ventilated. The pavilion was slightly arched. This feature made them airy, and these buildings remained cool even during summer.
To store Water in the complex artificial reservoirs known as baoli, were constructed. locally available materials were used for construction. buildings were strengthened using the barter system practiced by the Tughlaqs. Example: Rani Roopmati’s pavilion Hindola Mahal ashrafi Mahal etc.
Bijapur style(1490-1656AD)
The Bijapur style of Deccan style of Mughal art and architecture developed under the patronage of Adil shah. He had built many Mosques, tombs and palaces. Their uniqueness was the use of 3-arch facades and bulbous domes. All of them were almost circular and had narrow necks. He also popularised the use of cornicest.
A major feature of Bijapur style was the behavior of its roofs. The roofs rested without any apparent supports. Iran clamps and strong mortal plaster were used to strengthen the buildings. The walls were decorated with rich carvings. Example: Gol Gumbaz located in vijapur. Whispering gallery is made in such a way that even the whispering sound can be heard clearly in other parts of the gallery. Example: Gol Gumbaz Bijapur. Victoria Memorial, Kolkata. Golghar granary Patna.
Mughal art and architecture
The Mughal rulers were great patrons of art and architecture. Under him architecture again assumed its important place as new buildings were constructed with great vision and artistic inspiration
Babar
Babar started the construction of Mosques in Panipat and. Rohilkhand. Both Mosques were completed in1526 AD; his region was too short lived to inspire any new style or technologies.
Humayun
Humayun’s reign was characterized by a continuous power struggle against Sher Shah Suri. Therefore, he could not pay much attention towards art and architecture, he laid the foundation of a city named Dinpanah. But he could not complete it. Persian style dominated the architecture of this period.
Sher shah
During this short, region Sher shah is built some monuments. He built Qila-e Kuhunah(mosque of the old Fort in Delhi. He built the famous Rohtas fort in Pakistan. To mark his rule, he built the Sher shah suri mosque in Patna in the Afghan style.
During his reign, there was a transition from the Lodi style of architecture to the Mughal style of architecture. He rebuilt and expanded the Road and renamed it as Sadak-Aazam Road, which was later known as the Grand Trunk Rd went go, he ensured the presence of adequate inns and trees for travelers. The construction tradition of the Sultanate era continued even during the rule of Sher Shah. The golden age of Mughal art and architecture began after Akbar assumed the throne of Delhi in 1526.
Akbar
Akbar too. Keen interest in the development of art and architecture. Another specially. Of the construction works during Akbar reign was the use of red sandstone he also popularized the huge of the “Tudor Arch”
Agra Fort
It was one of the first constructions works started during the Reign of Akbar. Most of the structures still present inside this fort were built during the region of Shahjahan.
Some major buildings.
Moti masjid built by Shahjahan, Diwan -e-Aam built by Shahjahan (hall of public audience) Diwan-e-Khas built by Shahjahan (private audience hall) Jahangir place.
Some of the major buildings of Fatehpur Sikri
Lofty doors
Red Belsha was built as a A40 meter height, grand structure of stone to celebrate Akbar’s victory over Gujarat in 1576AD. This is the highest entrance gate in the world.
Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chishti
It was constructed in 1581AD white marble. Lattice work has been done in it. Verses from the Quran are inscribed on its walls in Arabic style. It was also decorated by Jahangir in 1606AD. Punch Mahal is a 5 Storey building. It is built on pillars and is inspired by the concept of the Persian Badhir (wind catcher)
Jodh Abai
Palace of jodh Abai palace of Mariam-uj-Zamani has beautiful Hindu corner frescoes of bells and flowers.
Prayer hall
Akbar used this place to hold discussions with various religious leaders.
Pachisi courtyard
That courtyard is where Akbar used to play chess.
Hiran Minar
It was built in memory of Akbar’s favorite elephant name Hiran. It also served as a lighthouse for Travellers. It is uniquely designed and has sharp corners like ivory on its outer walls.
Akbar also built the temple of Govind dev in Vrindavan.
Jahangir
Mughal art and architecture. During Jahangir’s reign, architecture declined as he paid more attention to painting and other forms of art. During his reign, he also developed many gardens like Shalimar Bagh Kashmir. He also got the Moti masjid constructed in Lahore 201.
He supervised the construction of Akbar’s palace at sikandra.
During Jahangir’s reign, his wife Nur Jahan also took up some major construction projects.White marble became the predominant building material during his reign, replacing the red sandstone that was being used till then.
The tomb of ltmud-ud-daula was the first Mughal construction made entirely of white marble. It also contains some of Pitra-Dura’s best works.
Tomb of Itmad-ud-Daula
Jahangir’s tomb was built by his son Shah Jahan in Lahore.
Jahangir’s Tomb
Shahjahan some major construction works
Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal is the best example of Mughal art and architecture.It displays abundance of grandeur and opulence. It was built in memory of his wife Arjamand Bano Begum or Mumtaz Mahal. It has all the features of Mughal art and architecture, including calligraphy for ornamentation, Pitar-dura works, foreshortening technique, Charbagh style gardens and use of water in the complex.
Some features of Taj Mahal
The lattice work in Taj Mahal is the best. The carvings on marble are in low relief. Apart from the Taj Mahal, Shah Jahan built many other monuments, gardens and buildings.
Famous buildings during the Mughal art and architecture
1.Red Fort of Delhi
- Jama masjid of Delhi
3.Shalimar Bagh of Lahore
4.A city named. Sir John Shahjahan bad
5.Peacock Throne.
Aurangzeb
Mughal art and architecture During the reign of Aurangzeb, Mughal art and architecture declined. Being a fundamentalist, he took no active interest in the development of art and architecture.
conclusion
Mughal art and architecture speak to a critical combination of Persian, Indian, and Islamic styles, thriving between the 16th and 18th centuries. This time is stamped by terrific landmarks just like the Taj Mahal, perplexing scaled down canvases, and broad gardens. Mughal art and architecture. Mughal aesthetics emphasized symmetry, expanded ornamentation, and the utilization of sumptuous materials.
Mughal art and architecture. These manifestations not as it symbolized the empire’s riches and control but too cleared out an enduring social bequest. Nowadays, Mughal art and architecture Mughal craftsmanship and design are celebrated for their dazzling magnificence and significant effect on the aesthetic legacy of the Indian subcontinent.