This is part three of Great Temple architecture and sculpture history. Great Temple architecture and sculpture history form are central to numerous cultures’ otherworldly and aesthetic conventions. Sanctuaries, serving as places of reverence, embody the values and convictions of their individual social orders through their plan and enrichment.
In Hinduism, temple architecture often features intricate carvings and towering towers. The format typically incorporates a sanctum Sanctorum (garbhagriha) where the deity’s image dwells, encompassed by an arrangement of mandapas (pillared halls). The outsides are embellished with expanded figures portraying divine beings, goddesses, and legendary scenes, exhibiting divine stories and ethical lessons.
Preah Vihear temple, Cambodia which is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
The temple is dedicated to the Mountain deities Shikharesh war and Bhadresh war (incarnations of lord shiva). This temple symbolically represents the abode of the gods i.e. the mythical Mounts Meru, although its construction started in 9th century AD.
It is included in the UNESCO World Heritage, due to its location on the border, there was a dispute in Cambodia Thailand over its ownership and management, in the year 1962, the International Court of Justice ruled in Favour of Cambodia.
Katas Raj Temple Pakistan that is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
This ancient temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is built of soft sandstone and has Trdali arches, jagged and pointed roofs. Pandavas came here during their exile.
The seventh-century Chinese Traveller Huen Tsang has a travelogue. In this complex there are seven temples, a sacred lake and the ruins of a Buddhist Stupa.
Aditya Sun Temple of Multan Pakistan
Aditya sun temple of Multan Pakistan is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history It is one of the most ancient and revered temples in South Asia and was visited by the fifth century BC historian Herodotus, the Chinese Traveller Hein-tsang and tenth-century Persian geographer al-Istakhri.
This temple was famous because of its immense wealth.
It was plundered several times by invaders, especially Mohammad of Ghajini.
It had a statue of the sun God made of gold, whose eyes were of Beautiful red beads.
Munneshwaram Temple, Sri Lanka, Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
Rebuilt in several phases by the kings of Sri Lanka in the 16th century after its destruction by the Portuguese Jesuits in the early sixteenth century, this temple is believed to be thousands of years old. It is a temple primarily dedicated to Shiva, with Ganesh kali and Attanayake (Sinhalese Buddhist deities) also presents.
Main Jain pilgrimage sites in India Important Temple architecture and sculpture in ancient history
Palitana Temple,
Situated on Shatrunjaya Hills in Kathiawar (Gujarat). It is specially considered to be the holiest place of the Shwetambar sect. It is mainly dedicated to the Tirthankara Rishabhdev.
It has more than 800 marble temples.
Shekhari temple which is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
Parasnath is a holy place in Jharkhand, it is one of the holiest pilgrimage sites and it is believed that 20 Tirthankaras attained this salvation.
Girnar Temple
It is located in Junagadh district (Gujarat). This temple is the largest of the 16 temples here of Neminath 22nd Tirthankara.
Pawapuri
It is situated in Nalanda district of (Bihar). The last Tirthankara Mahavira was cremated here.
Dilwara Temple is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
Mount Abu is in Rajasthan, which has five amazing temples built of marble, intricately carved. marbles, the oldest of which was built by Vimal Vasahi in the 11th century.
The oldest of these temples, Vimal Vasahi, was built by Vimal Shah in the 11th century.
Other temples are luna Vasahi, Pittalhar, Parshvanath and Mahavir swami, built between the 13th and 17th centuries.
Shravan-Bilgola
Located in Karnataka, the Gomateshwara statue, 17 meters or 58 feet high, is of lord Bahubali, son of the Jain Tirthankar.
It was built by chamunda rai, a minister of the ganga dynasty in the tenth century AD.
It has many ‘Basadi’ or Jain temples.
Shantinath Temple
The complex is located at Deogarh in Lalitpur district of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh, it has 31 temples with beautiful statues, there are also different Jain temples in Gwalior, Chanderi and Khajuraho of Madhya Pradesh.
Bawangaja Jain temple is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
The Bawangaja temple in Bharwani district of Madhya Pradesh has a 152 feet tall statue of Lord Adityanath carved out of the same rock. There are several Jain temples at Gwalior, Chanderi and Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh.
Ranakpur temple which is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
It is located in Pali district of Rajasthan. It was built in the 15th century and its architecture is very similar to Hoysala architecture, not Nagra. There are more than 1400 pillars with elaborate carvings, each unique from the other.
Kangkali Tila
Here in Uttar Pradesh near (Matura), votive tablets called Ayagapattas, used for donations and worship in the early countries, were discovered. These plaques are decorated with objects and design related to Jain worship, such as the stupa, Dharmachakra and Tristan. These simultaneously represent the trend of worship of images and symbols. The practice of donating these plaques has been documented from the 1st century to the 3rd century.
Udayagiri And Khandagiri caves in Odessa that is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
Dated between the 2nd and 1st.Centuries BC and are dedicated to Jainism. These were carved during the reign of King Khara vela. Great Temple architecture and sculpture history. The number of caves present within Udayagiri 18 and in Khandagiri is 15. The famous caves here are Hathigumpha, Ranigumpha and Ganeshgumpha
These have carvings depicting Jain tirthankaras and deities including the Hathi Gumpha inscription. The Hathig inscription written by King Khara vela has 17 Lines deeply engraved in Brahmi script and mainly mention various victories of the King.
Nasiya Temple in Ajmer is Great Temple architecture and sculpture history
Also known as Soniji ki Nasiya, it was built in the 19 century and is dedicated to the first tirthankara, lord Rishabhdev. Hathi Singh Jain temple Ahmedabad. sittanavasal caves Tamil Nadu.
Maangi-tungi
Located near Tahar Abad in Maharashtra. dedicated to Jainism, it is a Twin– Peaks plateau between which is considered a gateway to enlightenment. has images of tirthankaras in various positions, likely padmasana and Kayo Sarga and was built around the 6th century AD. In 2016, the 108 feet height ahimsa statue made of stone was inaugurated.
It has been recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records as the world’s tallest Jain statue. Derasar is a term used for Jain temples in Gujarat and Southern Rajasthan. Jain temples in Karnataka are known as Vasadi.
Sanctuary engineering and form serve as significant expressions of social and otherworldly values, reflecting the resourcefulness and dedication of antiquated civilizations. The structural components of sanctuaries, from their fantastic veneers to complicated contributions, are fastidiously planned to honour gods, commemorate occasions, and cultivate communal reverence.
Important Temple architecture and sculpture in ancient history. Each structure regularly coordinates neighborhood materials, climate contemplations, and typical formats, illustrating an advanced understanding of both aesthetics and usefulness. For occurrence, Hindu sanctuaries include a central sanctum (garbhagriha) encompassed by an arrangement of dynamically less sacrosanct spaces, coming full circle in an amazing tower (shikhara) that symbolizes the infinite pivot.
Additionally, Buddhist stupas and pagodas are outlined to encourage contemplation and reflect the way to illumination.
Form inside these sanctuaries plays a basic part in visual narrating and devout instruction. Carvings and statues not as it were portraying divine figures and legendary stories but to encapsulate the creative styles and specialized headways of their periods.
The points of interest and expressions captured in these figures give bits of knowledge into the values, convictions, and day by day lives of the individuals who made them. From the peaceful faces of Buddha statues to the energetic portrayals of Hindu divinities, this craftsmanship is both reverential objects and chronicled records.
Conclusion
Great Temple architecture and sculpture history in conclusion, the interaction of sanctuary design and design represents how sacrosanct spaces and craftsmanship shapes interlace to communicate devout commitment and social legacy, protecting these components for future eras to ponder and venerate.